Helmets do not increase risk of a neck injury when skiing


How this contradicts claims made by injured skiers, let’s hope the study wins.

The Canadian Medical Association Journal released a study The effect of helmets on the risk of head and neck injuries among skiers and snowboarders: a meta-analysis. he study showed that there was no increased risk to a skier or snowboarder when wearing helmets.

The study was only a review of electronic databases,
conference proceedings and reference lists
. It would be nice to see a study using testing to show the forces on a head using a helmet. However, either way, the fear of using a helmet based on a neck injury appears to be minimal.

Several claims have been made that helmets have caused neck injuries in small or petite children with older style heavy helmets.

To see an article about the study see SportsOneSource Canadian Study Finds Ski Helmets Don’t Increase Risk of Neck Injury.


 

Copyright 2010 Recreation Law 720 Edit Law, Recreaton.Law@Gmail.com


Really, you should be prepared for a lawsuit when you host a 3-legged race

If you can’t win the “Domino’s Attendance Guess,” the “Applebee’s Shell Game” and the “Monmouth Park Horse Race” then the 3 legged race is your cup of tea.

Here are some helpful hints the next time you enter a 3-legged race, at a ball park between innings.

1. It helps if everyone’s story matches.
2. It helps if you don’t change your story.
3. Grass in the infield during a ball game is usually not wet during the innings.
4. What, you have never run on grass before?
5. It’s not someone else’s job to tell you, you are too fat to participate in a 3 legged race. If you show up to race, learn about it and tie your leg to someone else’s leg you assume the risk!
6. Nerf Tiddlywinks!
See Court upholds dismissal of lawsuit by Somerset Patriots three-legged race.

New Jersey appellate court comes through!

What do you think? Leave a comment.

Copyright 2010 Recreation Law (720) Edit Law, Recreaton.Law@Gmail.com

Keywords: assumption of the risk, 3-legged race, Somerset patriots,


Payouts in Outdoor Recreation

The information here has been collected from various sources. The accuracy is not guaranteed.

Year

Payout

Defendant

Claim

Source

$750,000

Remlinger Farms

Climbing wall

http://www.schifferman.com/CM/Custom/Settlements-Verdicts.asp

2003

$250,000

Mountain Streams Outfitters

Drowned whitewater rafting

2008

$400,000

Sutter County California School District

Improperly tied into the course

$400,000 challenge course settlement for shattered ankle

2009

$500,000

Ohio University

Failure to supervise and protect from a fire

OU to pay $500,000 to settle lawsuit with burned student

2009

$13,000000

Cathedral Oaks Athletic Club Summer Camp

Drowning

Death we have commented on allegedly has a $14 million verdict

2009

$4,700000

Alpine Towers International

Improper equipment and failure to train

$4.7 million dollar verdict in climbing wall case against Alpine Towers in South Carolina Court

2009

$2,300000

Boomers

Fall from Climbing Wall

Another multimillion dollar jury verdict in outdoor recreation

2009

$2,360000

Work To Ride Inc.

Kicked by horse

Boy Awarded $2.36 Million for Horse Kick to the Face

$24,260,000.00

Total over 6 years +/-

 

Totals by Defendants

Climbing Walls

$2.95 M

College & Universities

$0.50 M

Summer Camps

$13.0 M

Ropes/Challenge Courses

$5.10 M

Outdoor Programs

$2.61 M


Final Update on Lawsuit over fatality caused by attack of bear in Utah State Campground

The plaintiff’s suit was dismissed based on Governmental Immunity.

For a background on this lawsuit see:

The State of Utah is now responsible for what bears do

Lawsuit update: Utah Bear Attack 

An eleven year old boy died when attacked by a bear, which is an extremely said situation. However, the State of Utah cannot be held liable because as a government entity they are protected from suits.

See Judge dismisses state lawsuit over fatal bear attack.

In defending itself, the State of Utah admitted that it was negligent in not warning campers of a bear that had attacked other campers was in the vicinity. This lawsuit will not be a win, if the admission is used in other courts to hold someone liable for the actions of a wild animal.

It is still a bear, and you are out in the woods. When the State of Utah figures out how to control bears, let alone the people in its campgrounds, we will be watching both behind bars.

Copyright 2010 Recreation Law 720 Edit Law, Recreaton.Law@Gmail.com

Interesting Article about comfort bars

Whatever you call them, the article looks at whether they are purely a psychological or real safety device.

The article Lift Safety published by Planet Jackson Hole discusses the effectiveness of comfort bars after a young girl fell from the lifts sustaining severe injuries. The Denver Post did the only real study on the effectiveness of comfort bars in 2002, which found there was no difference between using and not using the bars.

New York and Vermont have state laws that require the use of comfort bars on chairlifts. Colorado requires the bars be used for lifts operating in the summer.

The article blames the lack of information on the effectiveness of the safety bars on states not having tramway safety boards.

Copyright 2010 Recreation Law 720 Edit Law, Recreaton.Law@Gmail.com


Volunteer’s kayakers needed May 1 for Ford Ironman triathlon


I’m hoping you’ll help me get the word out to the Grand Canyon family about an upcoming opportunity in St. George on May 1st. I’m a member of the local SAR dive team and as such we are responsible for surface support, via divers and kayaks, at all the local triathlons–usually 3 per year. This year is the first year that St. George will hosting the Ford Ironman triathlon on May 1st. In the past, I’ve been fortunate in finding enough paddlers locally to cover the events, but that won’t be possible for a competition this size–hence, the shout out.

As captain of the kayak section of surface support, I’m looking for a minimum of 50 volunteers. Presently, I have roughly 20 volunteers (none that I know!) and 99% of them have very little time in/on a kayak. I need to find some solid boaters for this event.

The start of an Ironman is impressive. There are two start times; the first are the pros–70 athletes followed 15 minutes later by everyone else–2500 athletes! Chaos for the first 75 to 100 yards of the swim. This is where I need some strong paddlers who can move boats in less than ideal conditions. Kayaks and stand up paddle boards will be stationed throughout the 2.4 mile course and will be first line support to the athletes. Motor boats and jet skis will be secondary.

For anyone interested please go to www.sgcity.org and click on the Ironman link and then the “volunteer” tab at the top. There are many areas besides kayaking where volunteers are needed and people can list three choices on the site. Volunteers will contacted via the captain over each specific area with more info.

Thanks so much!

Michael Caifa

Copyright 2010 Recreation Law (720) Edit Law, Recreaton.Law@Gmail.com


 

Keywords: Ironman, volunteer, Ford Ironman triathlon, kayak


Is the Standard of Care changing?


If everyone does it, yes the standard of care has changed.

Swiss prostitutes armed with defibrillators


 

Copyright 2010 Recreation Law (720) Edit Law, Recreaton.Law@Gmail.com


 

Keywords: standard of care, defibrillators,


Website dedicated to Tree Wells


Tree Wells in and out of bounds are responsible for several deaths each year.

Now there is a website that talks about tree wells, how to stay out of them and what to do if you are caught in one.

See http://www.treewelldeepsnowsafety.com/


Wilderness & Environmental Medicine Journal

Volume 20 # 4 has some great articles

The Wilderness Medical Society has published its latest Wilderness & Environmental Medicine Journal with some great articles.

  • Injuries and Medical Conditions Among Kayakers Paddling in the Sea Environment
  • A Comparison of Bacterial Colony-Forming Units in Water Bottles and Hydration Bags Among Outdoor Enthusiasts
  • Love and Fear of Heights: the Pathophysiology and Psychology of Height Imbalance
  • Determinants of Summiting Success and Acute Mountain Sickness on Mt Kilimanjaro (5895 M)

You must be a member to access the current issue. Membership information can be found here.

Copyright 2010 Recreation Law 720 Edit Law, Recreaton.Law@Gmail.com


If you need a laugh read about corporate giant’s attempts to “go green”

An article Greenwashing So Absurd, It’s Almost Funny would be hilarious if it was not so sad. The article points out twelve attempts by big corporate polluters to go green in an attempt to appease consumers.

  • McDonalds Literally Greenwashes its Logo
  • “Eco Smart” Hummer
  • “Even Our Store Bags are Disposable!”
  • Cover the Earth with Toxic Paint
  • Fox News + Going Green = ?
  • CO2 is Actually Good for the Earth
  • Buy Local at Your Neighborhood Citgo
  • Eco-Conscious Barbie
  • ‘Sustainable’ Iceberg Lodge… In the Desert
  • Pure & Natural Disposable Diapers
  • Big 3 Auto Executives Drive Hybrids to D.C.
  • Exxon-Mobil, Green Company of the Year

The last one has a double absurdity. Forbes Magazine did the anointment of Exxon-Mobil as its green company of the year. Another very un-green company led by Steven Forbes, who is a vocal opponent of climate change.


Job: Rocky Mountain National Park Climbing Ranger

Another great job for the summer.

Job Title: Park Ranger (Climbing), GS-0025-05/07

Department: Department Of The Interior

Agency: National Park Service

Job Announcement Number: SROC-ROMO-10-319716

SALARY RANGE:

    16.10 – 19.95 USD /hour

OPEN PERIOD:

    Tuesday, February 09, 2010 to Tuesday, February 23, 2010

SERIES & GRADE:

    GS-0025-05/07

POSITION INFORMATION:

    Full TimeTemporary NTE 1039 hours

DUTY LOCATIONS:

    few vacancies – Estes Park, CO

WHO MAY BE CONSIDERED:

    United States Citizens

JOB SUMMARY:

Do you want to work and play in the great outdoors? Become a Park Ranger for the National Park Service. Park Rangers play an essential role in managing the use of park resources and facilitating visitor enjoyment, patrol backcountry areas, provide emergency services, manage wildlife/human interactions on the roadways or in campgrounds, and encourage visitors to develop a sense of stewardship for park resources.

The seasonal recruitment operations center is currently accepting applications to fill few temporary positions at Rocky Mountain National Park in Colorado. Appointments made under this announcement are limited to 1039 hours (six months) in a service year. Appointments may be terminated at any time and can be extended if workload and funding allow. ANTICIPATED EOD: Spring 2010

Few vacancies located at Rocky Mountain National Park in Estes Park, Colorado.

The Department of Interior is the guardian of the Nation’s most precious natural and cultural resources and the steward of its trust responsibilities to American Indians and Alaska Natives. If you are interested in helping us manage the nation’s resources to benefit the American people and preserve the rich and precious heritage of this country, you can build a fulfilling career by joining the U.S. Department of the Interior.

Established on January 29, 1915, Rocky Mountain National Park is a living showcase of the grandeur of the Rocky Mountains. The park embraces 415 square miles of pristine, uninhabited mountains in north-central Colorado and, as such, is one of the most spectacular, yet easily accessible high mountain areas in North America. With elevations ranging from 7,800 feet at park headquarters to 14,259 feet at the summit of Longs Peak, the Park has glacier-sculptured valleys, rugged gorges, alpine lakes, and the vast areas of alpine tundra. Trail Ridge Road, the highest paved continuous road in the United States, stays above tree line for 11 miles and reaches 12,183 feet in elevation. Elk, deer, bighorn sheep, moose, coyotes, and smaller animals are found throughout the Park; as well as, threatened and endangered species, such as the Greenback Cutthroat Trout and Boreal Toad. Due to the Park’s easy accessibility to the Front Range communities of Colorado, visitation exceeds 3 million visitors annually, which results in significant resource protection and visitor management incidents.

To find out more about the job and apply go here. Good Luck

 

Copyright 2010 Recreation Law 720 Edit Law, Recreaton.Law@Gmail.com

 

Keywords: climbing ranger, national park service, ranger, rocky mountain national park


Vail and USFS hunting down pirates on the slopes – illegal guiding activities

Teaching skiing or boarding on US Forest Service land without a permit or on someone else’s permit without their permission is pirating and a violation of the law.

The Denver Post in an article Resorts run Resorts run stings to nab unauthorized instructors on their slopes brings the issue of “private” ski instructors to the front. Ski Instructors who are not wearing the ski resorts uniform or employed by the resort are pirates; people guiding on federal land without a permit.

Vail has had enough and in conjunction with the US Forest Service has started cracking down on the practice. Pirates that are caught are fined $545 (or more) and banned by Vail from all of their resorts for life.

These article follows an article on how Vail is catching people trying to sneak onto the lifts with other peoples season passes.

Copyright 2010 Recreation Law 720 Edit Law, Recreaton.Law@Gmail.com


Bike Sharing comes to Denver in Spring 2010

With a credit card and a few dollars, you can ride a bike one way or round trip in Denver.

This spring 600 bikes will be available for temporary rental in Denver. 40-50 stations will be set up to rent the bikes. Spring 2011 will see an additional 400 bikes added to the program. See Denver Bike Share.

The program will have opportunities for monthly or yearly rental programs to find out about these options email Amanda.Caldwell@denverbikesharing.org to be notified when the program is available.

Email Subject line: Notify me of Denver B-cycle Early Registration.
Email Body: First name, last name, phone, and email address.

If you are looking forward to becoming involved in the program, you can Sponsor a Bike Station or Host a Bike Station. Thanks to the organizations, groups and businesses who have all ready lined up to sponsor a station.

Employers who participate in the program can receive up to a $20 per employee tax credit.

Copyright 2010 Recreation Law 720 Edit Law, Recreaton.Law@Gmail.com


An Article I wrote was published in Recreation Management

Risk Management Magazine asked me to write an article for their February edition. The article can be found on the web at Risk Management: Preventing Injuries or Preventing Lawsuits?

 

Copyright 2010 Recreation Law 720 Edit Law, Recreaton.Law@Gmail.com

 

Keywords: risk management, risk management magazine, risk homeostasis,


Canyon Explorations is accepting applications for an Assistant Manager


CanEx as it’s known in the Grand

Canyon Explorations is accepting applications for an Assistant Manager. The role includes duties & responsibilities in a broad range of areas including logistics management and support, administrative work related to guide management, customer service, and sharing the Manager on Duty (MOD) role with the rest of the management team. The Assistant Manager will work most often side by side with Garrett Schniewind in guide management but will also work closely with the Operations, Reservations and General Managers at times.

This position requires excellent people, organizational, writing, communications, and computer skills (WORD, Excel, & Access). We anticipate this person working annually March 1 to December 15, with time on the river (TBD) and time off during the season as the ebbs and flows of the season allow. Average workweek will be 30 hrs. Wages/Compensation TBD.

To request the full job description call Garrett or Cam @ Canyon Explorations (928-774-4559). Resumes should be emailed to cameron@canyonexplorations.com. Interviews will begin February 24 with the goal of filling this position by March 10.

Copyright 2010 Recreation Law 720 Edit Law, Recreaton.Law@Gmail.com

Keywords: employment, job Grand Canyon, Canyon Explorations


New Zealand Government argues Mountain Guides are taking too much risk and must make mountaineering safe

A Classic argument between those who ride a desk and those who live, and sometimes die enjoying life


The New Zealand Labour Department in a report released after the death of a mountain guide on Mt. Cook in 2008, states mountain guides are resistant to eliminate or minimize risk of harm when guiding.


How do you climb a mountain (altitude, chance of falling, rock and ice fall) covered with snow (avalanches, hypothermia, slabs, cornices), and glaciers (crevasses) and eliminate the risk of doing so?


The article about the report does not state whether the report makes any suggestions on how climbing a mountain was supposed to be made safer. The article is more of a “he said she said” response to the report.


See Zero-risk approach ‘would kill outdoor guiding’

Copyright 2010 Recreation Law 720 Edit Law, Recreaton.Law@Gmail.com


New York General Obligations Law § 5-326

GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW

ARTICLE 5.  CREATION, DEFINITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

TITLE 3.  CERTAIN PROHIBITED CONTRACTS AND PROVISIONS OF CONTRACTS

Go to the New York Code Archive Directory

NY CLS Gen Oblig  § 5-326  (2011)

§ 5-326.  Agreements exempting pools, gymnasiums, places of public amusement or recreation and similar establishments from liability for negligence void and unenforceable

Every covenant, agreement or understanding in or in connection with, or collateral to, any contract, membership application, ticket of admission or similar writing, entered into between the owner or operator of any pool, gymnasium, place of amusement or recreation, or similar establishment and the user of such facilities, pursuant to which such owner or operator receives a fee or other compensation for the use of such facilities, which exempts the said owner or operator from liability for damages caused by or resulting from the negligence of the owner, operator or person in charge of such establishment, or their agents, servants or employees, shall be deemed to be void as against public policy and wholly unenforceable.

HISTORY:

Add, L 1976, ch 414, § 1, eff Sept 1, 1976.

What do you think? Leave a comment.

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Defendant is right this is a confusing jury verdict


No matter what this is a sad case, but it is a sport, not nerf tiddlywinks. Moreover, anytime you have a deceased child you get verdicts that do not make sense.

A jury in Montana handed an $850,000 verdict against Louisville Slugger over the death of an American Legion ball player. The deceased player was struck in the head by a ball coming off an aluminum bat. The deceased was pitching at the time.

The plaintiff argued the bat was dangerous because the bat caused the ball to travel off the bat faster. Duh, that is why you use an aluminum bat. You can hit the ball farther because the ball has greater velocity. The plaintiffs argued the pitcher did not have time to react. That is correct, those people who do have time to react are easy to identify. They are paid a lot of money; their name is on the back of their uniform, and they are on TV all summer. The rest of us learned to duck!

The defendant argued the bat had been approved by the American Legion program and did not need a warning label.

This is where it starts to get confusing. How many times have you seen the pitcher call time and walk up to the batter and say I need to read the warning labels on your bat. Warning labels are for the user and the pitcher is not the user!

I wonder if the pitcher had used an aluminum bat before. Wouldn’t you know why you were using an aluminum bat, to hit the ball farther and faster, to get the ball past the infield? What if the pitcher had never used an aluminum bat, or the team did not have any, how would a pitcher ever read a warning label. If the pitcher had used an aluminum bat, would he have needed a warning label after he hit the ball once?

Then the issue of a deceased child comes into play. The jury found the bat was not defective and was not required to have a warning label. Then they awarded $850,000 to the plaintiffs. This is not a statement on the value of the loss of a child. Jury verdicts should reflect the loss of something more than emotion and a child is not producing income to justify that large of an award.

The defendant in a post verdict press release made a great statement. The object of the game is to hit the ball hard. If you do not want to play that type of game and face those risks, you play softball or wiffel ball, or you stay at home!

See Montana jury finds H&B at fault in baseball bat lawsuit

Copyright 2010 Recreation Law 720 Edit Law, Recreaton.Law@Gmail.com


 

Keywords: Louisville slugger, little league, aluminum bat, American Legion,


They are getting serious: Leave the scene of a skier v. skier (or boarder) collision and go to jail

Wanted Posters and Sketch Artists used in a Bear Mountain Resort Hit and Run.

Bear Mountain Resort is looking for a mail snowboarder who struck a 9-year-old female on January 2, 2010 at approximately 1:00 PM. A sketch of the alleged snowboarder is here!

The suspect is described as a white male adult, 25-30 years of age, approximately 5’10” – 6’2″ tall, wearing a black and white jacket, black pants, and using a black snowboard.

Anyone having information regarding the collision or identity of the suspect is asked to contact the Big Bear Sheriff’s Station at (909) 866-0100. Information can also be reported anonymously by calling WE-TIP at (800) 78-CRIME.

It is unknown if this is a new attitude about collisions on the slopes or if this is a special case. The victim received a compound fracture of her femur and several facial injuries, all of which were not life threatening.

This is a real change from how hit and run boarders and skiers were treated in the past.


Wow, this could mess up a lot of studies and ideas

It also contradicts to some extent the management theory that all employees want to take advantage of a work injury and sit at home!

Risk and Insurance is reporting that the GAO (Government Accountability Office) found that many employers are failing to report workplace injuries and illnesses. They do so out of fear of increasing worker’s compensation insurance costs.

The study also found that 53% of “health practitioners” had experienced pressure to downplay or not report workplace injuries.

Another issue was employees did not want to report injuries because they felt they would be considered wimps. This issue was appropriately titled the “wimp factor.” I have seen this at numerous outdoor recreation businesses were young and tough is a better “cred” than injured and sitting at home not working.

The article is titled America’s Soft on Safety. The study can be found at Workplace Safety and Health: Enhancing OSHA’s Records Audit Process Could Improve the Accuracy of Worker Injury and Illness Data


Update: TNF lawsuit against the South Butt

I wrote about the North Face suing the South Butt over trademark infringement in The North Face is Suing the South Butt.
The suit continues and is making even more press. Inside Counsel Magazine is a monthly magazine for attorneys who work in corporations. Each month they run a department called In Brief where they update important legal issues. However part of the In Brief section is Strange Suits which looks at some of the funnier lawsuits in the world. The February 2010 of Inside Counsel Magazine headlined the TNF South Butt lawsuit in its Strange Suits section which included a cartoon!!! 

The article described the lawsuit then quoted from the brief filed by the South Butt in its response to the TNF lawsuit. “The consuming public is insightful enough to know the difference between a face and a butt.


I’m taking my ball and going home because I don’t like you!


Come on folks, we are not six year olds…..although that is really hard to determine in the ski industry.

An article in the Durango Herald titled Durango Mountain Resort pulls critic’s pass states that a woman who made critical comments about the resort had her season pass revoked by the ski resort.

For a ski area to operate with such a blatant disregard for the idea upon which this country was founded is plain stupid. Criticism is the backbone of our government and our economy. The free speech protection of the first amendment states a government cannot stop us from speaking our mind. The first amendment does not apply to a business. A business can do about anything it wants, including looking stupid.

At the end of a disastrous economic slump, that has had a very negative effect on ski areas; the loss of $539 is just not bright.

This type of action can be seen every day at any elementary school playground. You do not expect it from a ski resort that is so dependent upon the word of mouth and locals who buy season passes each year.

By the way, the resort’s name is Purgatory!


 

Copyright 2010 Recreation Law 720 Edit Law, Recreaton.Law@Gmail.com


New Pair of Garmont Axon Size 29 boots for sale.

I ended up with an extra pair of Dynafit compatible boots for the season. I have a pair of brand new Garmont Axon boots. New, never been molded or skied. These boots have never been in bindings. I have the original box. For information on the boot go to http://www.garmontusa.com/921024211.html

These are size 29.0 which is roughly a size 11 to 12.5 boot. They are a high performance mountaineering/sky boot for Dynafit or most alpine bindings.

New they sell for $749.00. I’m selling this pair for $550.00.

From the Garmont website:

Ski aggressively in the backcountry in this new freeride boot, while keeping it light on the climb. The new Axon features the same downhill performance as the popular Endorphin with both Dynafit® and ski mountaineering binding compatibility.

View Tech Features

* Use: Off-Piste, Freeriding, Booting Up
* Compatible with AT frame and Tech bindings
* Rapid Thermoformable Liners
* Anatomically shaped shell
* Field-replaceable buckles
* Factory modifications recommended by the best boot fitters
* Weight: 2050 grams (size 27.5)
* Sizes: 25-30.5
* U.S. MSRP $749.95
* Canada MSRP $829.95

If you want to buy them, email me at recreation.law@gmail.com


You can’t cover everything, trying will only prove it and set you up for litigation

Many times trade associations are encouraging you to write massive risk management plans. “Experts” are out there offering their services in doing so. You start this process and either get bogged down or finish a plan where you believe you have it covered. But you don’t. You can’t discover every way that people can get hurt on or at your program.

David Apgar is an author and researcher who talks about the risks of absolute risks. In his book Relevance: Hitting Your Goals by Knowing What Matters Dr. Apgar stated “No amount of brainstorming or help from an experienced consultant will unearth a complete set of risks facing a [business].”

David Apgar is the author of “Risk Intelligence: Learning to Manage What We Don’t Know” (Harvard Business Press 2006) and “Relevance: Hitting Your Goals by Knowing What Matters” (Jossey-Bass, 2008).

If you want to prove this to yourself, start with an easy example. Write down all of the things that can happen to you while sitting at your computer reading this article. How long is that list? Did you include any of the following:

Eye Strain,

Electrocution

Your chair breaking,

Carpal Tunnel

Paper cut

Allergic reaction to the fumes from the computer

Have we scratched the surface? What else did you come up with that I did not? Will any of these issues change if you add weather to the equation? Will the chances increase, will the risk increase, will the severity increase, and will your response change?

Now take this list and start adding to if for outdoors, add speed to the equation, weather, and poor judgment. Your risk management plan will have a new name, Encyclopedia and will match the encyclopedia in size.

Once you have your plan written, you must keep it up to date. Will your risk management plan need to change based on the experience of your staff or the training they have received? What if you change the location of part of the program? Any change in the law may affect how the plan is written.

Eventually you will have a staff equal to that of the encyclopedia to maintain and update the risk management plan.

The solution is twofold to develop a framework for dealing with problems

    Develop program for dealing with all issues

    Train your employees to deal with everything

    Hire people able to deal with the issues.

The Federal Land Management Agencies and Emergency response programs have figured this out and dealt with it. They developed the Incident Command System. Instead of detailing exactly what to do when something happens, the developed a program that details how to deal, no matter what the program.

You can take the first class in the Incident Command System online in a few minutes (most federal agencies offer the course on line) and learn how the system works. Once you learn that you can develop your risk management plan like the ICS system. A plan that works not matter what happens.

In the mean time, let me know how that encyclopedia is coming.


Correction by an author I quote. THANKS! Myths of skiing injuries debunked by physician’s study.


Dr. Carl Ettlinger read my review of his study Myths Concerning Alpine Skiing Injuries, that I wrote about in Myths of skiing injuries debunked by physician’s study. After 20 years in the ski business, I missed several issues and wanted to correct them and to thank Dr. Ettlinger for his help.

Mr. Moss,

Thank you for the kind words regarding our Myths article. However, you inadvertently helped to perpetuate another myth–that skiing ability=Skier Type.

3) “All you need know is your DIN (release indicator value) number and you can adjust your bindings.” There are four different factors used to determine the correct DIN, height, weight, skiing ability and boot sole length. Even knowing these may not be enough because how the boot fits into the binding is also critical.

4) “Toe and heel pieces must be set to the same Release Indicator Value or the bindings won’t function right.” No, see study 3 above.

Skier Type selection is a means by which a skier can balance the overall risk of injury–injury due to inadvertent release versus injury due to failure of the binding to release. Skiing Ability is not a factor in the Release Value Selection process.

It is also important to note that the Release Indicator Value from the binding manufacturer’s chart is termed the Initial Indicator Value in ASTM/ISO standards and in all instructions from the binding manufacturer. In other words, it is the starting point. Following inspection by a properly trained technician using a ski binding testing device (that meets ASTM/ISO standards) readjustment of one or more of the binding components may be required resulting in four Final Indicator Values. In some cases the Final Indicator Values could each be different from the Initial Value. There is also the possibility that the test results may reveal a defect that can only be resolved by the replacement of the component or the entire binding system.

Regards,

Carl Ettlinger

Again Thanks!


 

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