Mountain Weather Workshop: Nov 2-4: Its getting to be that time of year!!!!
Posted: October 18, 2012 Filed under: Avalanche | Tags: Atmospheric Sciences, avalanche, BBC, CAIC, Colorado Avalanche Information Center, Earth Sciences, Meteorology, Meterology, Mountain Meterology, Silverton Avalanche School, Weather, weather forecast Leave a commentMountain Weather Workshop
Register online here:
The Colorado Avalanche Information Center (CAIC) and the Silverton Avalanche School are offering a three day workshop on Mountain Meteorology. Morning sessions
will provide a basic understanding of meteorological principles applied to weather in mountainous areas. Afternoon sessions will focus on using publicly available weather information to create a local forecast. Participants will interact with experienced weather forecasters and work in small groups to generate and present their own forecasts. The workshop is designed for avalanche practitioners and avid recreationalists. Anyone interested in mountain weather phenomena is welcome and no previous meteorological education is required. Participants are encouraged to bring their own laptop computer with wireless capability for the small group exercises.
This course is intended for anyone who wants a deeper understanding of weather processes and the products available for forecasting. Ski patrol, mountain guides, avalanche forecasters, natural resource managers, avid recreationalists and mountain pilots would all benefit from this course.
Instructors
Dr. John Snook, Mountain Weather and Avalanche Forecaster, CAIC – Boulder
Dr. Ethan Greene, Director, CAIC
Students receive a mountain weather workbook as a part of the course. We highly recommend bringing a laptop with wireless networking capability.
Workshop Summary
A commonly practiced weather forecast strategy is to take a systematic approach to organizing forecast information by spatial scale. The approach starts by analyzing large-scale hemispheric information and then working downscale to high-resolution information. The workshop schedule reflects this strategy with a focus on big picture weather basics and phenomena on day one, followed by regional-scale weather on day two, and then mountain-scale weather on day three. Morning sessions will provide an understanding of meteorological systems at these particular scales. Afternoon sessions will apply this understanding to prediction techniques typically used by professional weather forecasters. Participants will gain practical skills through small group forecast preparation exercises at the end of each day.
Course Goals:
• Provide a basic understanding of meteorology
• Apply that understanding to mountain weather
• Learn mountain weather forecasting techniques
Specifically, the Mountain Weather curriculum addresses:
• A general approach to weather forecasting
• Basic forecasting strategies and processes
• Meteorology basics
• Observational meteorology components
• Introduction to weather computer models
• Hemispheric to regional to mountain scale weather processes
• Precipitation mechanics
• Interpretation of weather products
Upon completion of the course, students will have had the opportunity to:
• Learn and utilize a framework and checklist for mountain scale weather forecasting
• Access and interpret available weather resources and models in forecasting exercises
• Develop a list of resources and forecasting approach to a specific area(s) of interest
2012 International Snow Science Workshop
Posted: August 9, 2012 Filed under: Avalanche | Tags: Alaska, American Avalanche Association, Anchorage Alaska, avalanche, Matthew Sturm, Mount McKinley, National Park Service, Northern Hemisphere, Snow Science, United States Leave a comment
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Client dies, be banned from your occupation for five years.
Posted: May 10, 2012 Filed under: Avalanche, Skiing / Snow Boarding | Tags: Adventure travel, Criminal, Europe, Jim Moss, Ski, ski instructor, skiing, skiing accidents Leave a commentOnce you leave the US, you are no longer protected by US laws.
Two ski instructors are facing a five year ban from skiing and a fine for the death of a client in an Avalanche. The ski instructors had taken the client into a known danger zone where the client was caught and died.
See Prosecutor wants 5 year ban for ESF instructors
What do you think? Leave a comment.
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CSCUSA PR reminds people to be safe
Posted: March 13, 2012 Filed under: Avalanche, Colorado, Ski Area | Tags: #Avalanche, #Safety, CAIC, Colorado, CSCUSA, Loveland Ski Area, Resort, Ski, ski area, skiing Leave a commentColorado Ski Country USA Reminds Skiers & Snowboarders to be Safe on the Slopes
Resorts Emphasize Safe Skiing, Prepare for Busy Holiday
Aspen Highlands, Michael Neumann
DENVER, Colo. – February 17, 2012– Colorado Ski Country USA (CSCUSA) and its 22 member resorts remind skiers and snowboarders to practice safe skiing and riding, know and follow Your Responsibility Code, be aware of surroundings and obey terrain closures.
“Guest safety is always the number one priority of our members,” explained Melanie Mills, CSCUSA president and CEO. “President’s Day weekend is a popular time to go skiing, and our resorts are doing absolutely everything they can to make sure guests are safe and have an enjoyable time on the slopes during this busy weekend.”
Individual skier and snowboarder responsibility is the foundation for safe skiing. Loveland Ski Area assistant patrol director and CSCUSA Ski Patroller of the Year, Joey Riefenberg, stresses the importance of being aware of your surroundings, “Skiers and snowboarders need to be proactive about safety, pay attention to who is skiing around you and always look downhill. Go slow and give yourself time to stop. Know that little kids are out and about and need a wide berth, watch where the flows are.”
CSCUSA member resorts across the state are taking extra measures to provide safe skiing environments, including constantly reassessing conditions. “Resorts are working super hard to make sure it’s safe. Everyone is super conscientious of that, and the snowpack,” said Riefenberg. “It’s a funny snowpack this year, really odd, and resorts are on alert, busy knocking all the air out of the snowpack and making sure everything is safe.”
Skiers and snowboarders are also reminded to obey all signage and be especially alert to obeying terrain closures. As snow continues to fall in Ski Country, resorts will open more terrain as conditions safely allow. “We’d love to open everything but things are closed for a reason, because it’s unsafe for you and unsafe for those who have to rescue you,” Riefenberg explained. “Nothing is being saved, we want everyone to have fun, but be safe doing it.” Ultimately, it is the responsible behavior of skiers and riders that make the slopes safe. Knowing the nationally recognized Your Responsibility Code is crucial to skier and rider responsibility. Referred to simply as The Code, it is comprised of seven principles that collectively outline on-mountain skier etiquette and safe skiing practices.
Responsibilities within The Code include:
Image via Wikipedia
- Always stay in control, and be able to stop or avoid other people or objects.
- People ahead of you have the right of way. It is your responsibility to avoid them.
- You must not stop where you obstruct a trail, or are not visible from above.
- Whenever starting downhill or merging into a trail, look uphill and yield to others.
- Always use devices to help prevent runaway equipment.
- Observe all posted signs and warnings. Keep off closed trails and out of closed areas.
- Prior to using any lift, you must have the knowledge and ability to load, ride and unload safely.
CSCUSA also reminds skiers, snowboarders and other snowsports enthusiasts heading into the backcountry to check with the Colorado Avalanche Information Center (CAIC) on the magnitude and nature of avalanche hazard they may encounter, do not venture out alone, and have proper equipment and education for the conditions. “Backcountry avalanche danger right now is considerable,” states Ethan Greene, director of CAIC. “With the holiday weekend there’s going to be powder snow and nice weather, but don’t be fooled that the hazard is anything less than very serious.”
More information on backcountry conditions can be found at the CAIC website, www.avalanche.state.co.us or by calling 303-499-9650.
New study suggests that North American Avalanche survival time is half what was previously thought
Posted: March 7, 2012 Filed under: Avalanche | Tags: avalanche, Avalanche Study, Burial Time, Canada, Canadian Medical Association Journal, Haegeli, Pascal Haegeli, Recreation, Ski, Survival, Survival Time, Switzerland, Tree Line Leave a commentTen minute survival in western wet snow is shown by the study.
Dr. Pascal Haegeli, a researcher from Vancouver BC has recently published a study in the Canadian Medical Association Journal titled “Comparison of avalanche survival patterns in Canada and Switzerland.” There are several notable things to take away from this study.
1. The survival time for a victim in an avalanche has been 18 minutes based on a study done in Switzerland in 1998. (Falk M, Brugger H, Adler-Kastner L. Avalanche survival chances. Nature 1994;368:21.) This 1998 study is not being dismissed. Differences between the types of snow, terrain, etc. are the cause for the discrepancies between the two studies.
This study says that avalanche survival time is probably only Ten (10) minutes.
The Swiss study developed the avalanche survival curve based on the amount of time a person was buried.
The probability of survival remains above 91% during the first 18 minutes of burial (“survival phase”). This phase is followed by a precipitous drop to 34% between 19 and 35 minutes be – cause of asphyxiation of most people (“asphyxia phase”). Between 35 and 90 minutes, the survival curve levels out (“latent phase”) because of the survival of people with patent airways. Thereafter, survival drops again as those buried eventually succumb to lethal hypothermia complicated by progressive hypoxia and hypercapnia.
2. There was no statistical difference between the overall survival rate of the Canadian study (Haegeli) and the Swiss study (Brugger).
…the Canadian survival curve showed lower chances of survival at all burial durations compared with the Swiss survival model, with a quicker drop in survival in the first 35 minutes and poorer survival associated with prolonged burials.
3. Most Swiss avalanches occur above tree line. Most North American avalanches occur below the tree line. Trauma fatalities are significantly greater in North America.
In the Canadian sample, trauma accounted for more than half of the deaths among people extricated in the first 10 minutes (Figure 1), which highlights the strong influence of trauma on the early phases of the survival curve. The probability of survival at the end of the first 10 minutes was 77% in the overall survival curve for Canada, as compared with 86% in the asphyxia-only survival curve.
4. There were statistically different survival chances between different climates in North America. Western (maritime) snow climates had shorter overall survival times. Western snow climates are characterized by wetter, heavier snow.
The survival curves for the transitional and maritime snow climates were characterized by a considerably earlier drop in survival compared with the curve for the continental snow climate.
The study also offered speculation that heavier denser snow prevented chest movement preventing the victim from breathing if buried.
Snow density is defined as the overall mass of snow per unit volume (kilograms per meter cubed). Typical densities of seasonal snow vary from 30 kg/m in dry, newly fallen snow to 600 kg/m in wet spring snow.
These results highlight the importance of prompt extrication by companions, especially in areas with a more maritime snow climate. Although the “survival phase” has commonly been described to be about 18 minutes long, our analysis shows that the first 10 minutes might be a more appropriate general guideline for Canada and other areas with a maritime snow climate.
5. The study recommended that Airbags and Transceivers be used as they offered the best options to speed up rescue.
The use of avalanche airbags to prevent burial and avalanche transceivers to speed up the locations of buried avalanche victims are recommended. Both of these safety devices have been shown to reduce mortality significantly.
The study had numerous interesting facts about avalanche burials.
The two longest burials among survivors in the Canadian sample (120 and 300 minutes) both occurred in urban settings, whereas the maximum burial time among survivors in a remote setting was 55 minutes.
So?
When teaching at Colorado Mountain College in the Ski Area Operations program I tell my students the one thing we know about avalanches to an absolute certainty: Avalanches are made of snow.
For other articles on Avalanches see:
Research shows beacons have issues with multivictim searches
Colorado Avalanche Information Center
It’s time to sign up to get the CAIC Avalanche Forecasts
Well written article about the risks of Avalanches and survival with the latest gear.
See this article by Earn Your Turns: Canadian Study reduces Avalanche Survival Time, http://www.earnyourturns.com/9079/avalanche-survival-time-reduced/
What do you think? Leave a comment.
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Mountain Magazine should apologize to the families who will soon lose loved ones because of its latest magazine.
Posted: February 22, 2012 Filed under: Avalanche, Ski Area 1 CommentSidecountry? Whoever invented the word should be flogged in downtown Breckenridge.
The winter 2012 edition of Mountain Magazine had its cover headline as “Ski in the Sidecountry: There’s untracked powder waiting out there for you. We have the skis, boards, guides, resorts, and advice you need to get after it.” The editorial director’s article was titled Slacker Lexicology and tried to justify the cover title. Then a two-page article, with numerous mistakes, was inside that was the basis for the cover title. The entire purpose, article and cover were solely used to promote gear in time for the SIA show.
Mountain Magazine: You don’t know what you are writing about.
Cover to cover, there was not one paragraph to support the claim the magazine had advice to “get after it.” That’s probably good because most of the information they provided was wrong. Nor was there anything of substance other than buy this neat clothing and gear, and you can ski out of bounds.
What Mountain Magazine does have is the idea that anything to sell a magazine is worth the effort, even if it kills people.
It is not the resorts that are going to pay the price for this stupidity. It is two groups. The idiots who believe that the other side of the rope is fair game and the Search and Rescue volunteers who will go out in all types of whether to rescue those idiots putting their own life on the line.
Even if resort employees are part of the rescue the resorts not liable, and rightfully so. In most cases when an employee leaves the resort to participate in a SAR, he is no longer working for the resort but now working, as a volunteer for the county sheriff. You should not be liable for what happens outside your boundaries or outside of your control. However, the article sure as heck did not point that out. In fact, the article could lead you to believe that if you paid for a lift ticket to ride up, skiing out of bounds is OK, and you are still protected by the resort.
Sidecountry does not exist. Under the law, you are either inbounds or out of bounds. If you are out of bounds, you have no back up, even if you hired a guide except volunteer SAR. If you are out of bounds, there is no avalanche work, no marked hazards, no place at the bottom of the hill to warm up.
There is backcountry, which has the definition attached to the word that indicates, it’s not a resort. If you go in the backcountry you should have training, a beacon, a shovel, a probe, an airbag and at least one friend who have the same.
The entire issue was devoted to selling gear, allegedly, that you could use out of bounds. The article promised you great skiing if you hired a guide to get there.
The article then talked about UIAGM guides as the people to hire to guide you. UIAGM does not make guides. The article has no clue what it’s writing about with regard to the UIAGM and the “statutes” it developed. The UIAGM has organizations for 17 countries that grand guide status based on the UIAGM to its members. Nor does the magazine understand the Special Use Permits the US Forest Service issues to ski areas operating on USFS land. The writer thinks backcountry gates were opened a decade ago. USFS permits have always required backcountry gates; they’ve never been closed. The only comment in the entire article about the risk is “It’s still wild out there.” Does that mean dangerous or wild like Saturday Night Live?
The article even quoted one company as saying they gave a pledge of “safe return” to its customers. I suspect you still have to sign a release. What happens if you don’t come back safely? My $250 bet is not going to stop an angry spouse who watched their spouse sign up at the resort to go die out of bounds.
On top of that, what type of problems is created using a marketing line of safe return. Two people have already died in-bounds due to avalanches this year and out of bounds you are going to be safe?
What about injury? Out of bounds is not covered by the ski patrol. After you are dragged downhill for miles, if possible, or your wait hours for SAR to arrive, you are still hours from definitive medical care. Is that covered in the article?
Do Something
Normally, I link to the article or the website of the magazine, but in this case, it’s not worth it. Or maybe I won’t dignify the site or degrade my article.
Everyone in the US has the right to access USFS lands. Everyone has the right to study and take classes and learn how not to die out of bounds. Everyone has the right to die. However, when a magazine makes the ordinary reader think they can access the dangerous area by calling it sidecountry or making it sound safe, you are not violating any laws, you are just being schmucks.
Way to exploit the first amendment.
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Research shows beacons have issues with multivictim searches
Posted: February 14, 2012 Filed under: Avalanche, Search and Rescue (SAR), Skiing / Snow Boarding | Tags: Adventure travel, avalanche, Avalanche Beacons, Beacons, Mulit Victim Searches, Mulitvictim Searches, Ski Resort Leave a commentProblems may be more prevalent with older models of beacons
The issue is that some beacons will mask another beacon. If two victims with beacons are buried in close proximity then you may only see the one victim.
The article and issues are complex and are still be investigated, however if you are a professional or possibly use your beacon in multivictim situations you should read the article.
See Problems with multivictim searches or watch a Video about the issue.
What do you think? Leave a comment.
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Colorado Avalanche Information Center
Posted: December 24, 2011 Filed under: Avalanche, Skiing / Snow Boarding | Tags: avalanche, backcountry, CAIC, Colorado, Colorado Avalanche Information Center, Ethan Greene, Financier, Friends of CAIC, Geological Survey, reports, snow reports, Twitter Leave a commentWant the best snow reports for this winter season: Become a member of CAIC, the reports are free, but it’s cheap to find out where the real powder, not what some resort says! Join and maybe save your life.
Starting this season, we will no longer require a donation to receive forecasts via email. From now on you can get all of our mountain weather and avalanche products on the web, phone line via Twitter, or email for free. We have wanted to make this change for quite some time. It is a financial gamble for us, but we feel it is the right thing to do. Avalanche safety information should be free and readily available to everyone that needs it.
This change, and all the new features for the 2011-2012 season will move to our live website next week. This is later than we would like, but testing the features has taken longer than we expect. As a result, many of you received a renewal notice this week. I am sorry that this message went out and for the confusion it caused. We have extended everyone’s subscriptions, so you will keep getting the emails you were signed up for last season. By Thanksgiving everyone will be able to sign up for a free account so they can send us observations and get forecasts via email.
We still need your financial support. Although our funding appears to be stable, these are hard times for everyone and no one knows the future of any government program. Backcountry use in our state increases every year and we are constantly trying to provide a better service. Please support the Friends of the CAIC through one of their events, make a donation through their website or donate directly to the CAIC through the Geological Survey’s website. You can always send comments, suggestions and donations to:
CAIC
325 Broadway WS1
Boulder, CO 80305
caic@qwestoffice.net
Thank you for all of your support in the past and I hope the services we provide continue to deserve your support now and in the future.
Ethan Greene
Director, CAIC
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Forgetting your beacon is manslaughter in Europe….if you wife dies in an Avalanche
Posted: November 9, 2011 Filed under: Avalanche Leave a commentVerdict confuses everyone
In what many are calling a crazy decision, a man has been found guilty of manslaughter and sentenced to three months of prison, suspended for allowing his wife to ski without an avalanche beacon.
Both were experienced skiers, he more than her. He triggered a slab avalanche which buried he.
The slide occurred on a 35° slope the risk was given as Considerable (3/5). The lack of beacon seriously delayed finding the victim even when rescue services arrived on the scene. The 58 year old woman had suffered from serious head injuries after being buried over a meter in dense snow.
Because the woman was not wearing a beacon the rescue took a considerable amount of time.
The deicison has left many people very confused in Austria.
Michael Larcher, director of education of the Austrian Alpine Association has questioned the verdict. He points out that although the woman was less experienced than her husband they had been touring together for years, “she was no beginner but had enough personal knowledge to know to turn on her beacon. Given that the lack of beacon was the main reason for the verdict, in my opinion, you cannot put all the responsibility on the husband, it is an issue of personal responsibility”
Estolf Müller, representing the Austrian Mountain Rescue Service said that “judging who is experienced is legally very difficult, I’m really sceptical when the courts intervene in a private sport so long as innocent bystanders are not endangered. When you go into the backcountry everyone has to be responsible for themselves.”
So?
The man in this case may also be facing a civil suit by the family on top of losing his wife. Personally, I think this is a little extreme. However it points out the differences between the United States and Europe.
Most European countries are based on a criminal system to enforce the standards of care. If you do not take care of someone you face jail time.
In the US we rely on a civil litigation system. If you do not take care of someone you face a lawsuit. Only in extreme cases where your actions are so bad or intentional can you face losing your freedom in the US. I show it visually this way.
The Red Column is the amount of proof needed to convict in a Criminal Case. The Blue Column is the amount of proof needed to win a civil case.
The US is based on a system that personal freedom is important and society, not the government should decide when someone has injured another. In Europe, the government is in charge of deciding the wrongs and rights of all of society.
For articles about this see Another Litigation versus Criminal example and Litigation v. Jail Time.
To see the article go to 3 months suspended sentence for forgetting beacon
What do you think? Leave a comment.
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Avalanche Center Newsletter #01
Posted: November 4, 2011 Filed under: Avalanche, Skiing / Snow Boarding Leave a comment
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Recurring donations: I would like to donate: 100.0050.0020.0010.005.00 every 1234 MonthsWeeksYearsDays 
CAIC BENEFIT BASH
Posted: October 14, 2011 Filed under: Avalanche Leave a commentNovember 12th, 2011
Presented by:
Backcountry Access, La Sportiva, Voile, Vail Resorts, New Belgium Brewing Company
Featuring: Green River Vibe
The Friends of CAIC is proud to announce the 4th Annual CAIC Benefit Bash! This year is shaping up to be the best party we have thrown yet. Last year was a blast and sold out in under an hour. We hosted 1500 people and raised just over $45000 for the CAIC.
This year we expect much of the same; A sell out crowd, a kick ass band, tons of gear, a massive silent auction, a plethora of food, great New Belgium beer, and a massive effort to raise $50k to go toward avalanche forecasting and education in Colorado!
The Details:
When: November 12, 2011
Time: 5pm-10pm and then of course an after party with some dance lessons
Where: The Breckenridge Riverwalk Center
Tickets are available HERE. WE WILL SELL OUT SO GET THEM EARLY!
Discount Hotel Rooms are available at the Village Hotel: Please call Breckenridge Hospitality Reservations Department at (888)-525-1787 and ask for group code BC1CAI
Sponsors:
BCA
Vail Resorts
Voile USA
La Sportiva
Aspen Skiing Company
Mountain Khakis
REI
Epic Quest
Vail Racquet Club
Smith Optics
Babes in the Backcountry
Venture Snowboards
Ski and Snowboard Journal
Mammut
Freeride Systems/Prospect Pant Co.
Friends of Berthoud Pass
Unity Snowboards
Scarpa
Gatherhouse Studios
Rab USA
Woodwinds Property Management
Wildernest Lodging
Monarch Mountain
Powder Addiction
Alpine Quest Sports
KKVM The Mile
Summit Ford
Alta
Orage
Line Skis
Hestra
Eider
The Sleep Shop
MFD ALL TIME
Steamboat Powdercats
FlyLow
Nightmare Snowboards
Melanzana
Wilderness Exchange Unlimited
Summit Huts
Abbie Groves Artwork
Mountainsmith
Krystal 93
Black Diamond
Mountain Buzz
Patagonia
Alpine World Ascents
Mountain Haus Lodge
Fortitude Skis
Backcountry.com
Billabong
Kling Mountain Guides
American Rec
Slope Style
Cuppa Joe Breckenridge
Hearthstone
Silverton
Avalanche Mapping
TGR!
Alaska Heli Skiing
Mountain Outfitters
Fatypus Skis
Icelantic Skis
Salomon Skis
NRC Broadcasting
Summit Foundation
Ortovox
Woodward at Copper
The Big Hit
AMR
Minturn Anglers
Guiry’s Color Source
Loveland Ski Area
Copper Mountain
Christy Sports
Powder Tools
Vail Mountain Coffee
Wilderness Sports
Ski Logik
Summit County Rescue Group
Specialized Stump Removal
Rocky Mountain Guides
Kayak Lake Dillon
Ten Mile Café
First Ascent Mountain School
Larry’s Boot Fitting
Vail Powder Guides
San Juan Snow Cat Tours
Rack Attack
Green Mountain Sports
Confluence Kayaks
Billy’s Inn
Rise and Shine Biscuit Café
Sports Optical
Food Sponsors:
Kenosha
Giampietros
Downstairs at Erics
Relish
Mi Casa
North Side Pizza
Michael’s
Taddeos
Fatty’s
A Café
Twist
Harvest Catering
This is going to be so much fun!
Do Something
What do you think? Leave a comment.
Copyright 2011 Recreation Law (720) Edit Law, Recreation.Law@Gmail.com
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It’s time to sign up to get the CAIC Avalanche Forecasts
Posted: October 13, 2011 Filed under: Avalanche Leave a comment
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Boondocking, Highmarking and Spatial Variability on the Agenda at Regional Avalanche Workshop
Posted: September 9, 2011 Filed under: Avalanche Leave a commentThe one-day gathering of prominent avalanche professionals and winter backcountry enthusiasts is open to the public
Whitefish, Montana – September 9, 2011 — The Northern Rockies Avalanche Safety Workshop (NRASW) will take place October 1, 2011 at 8:00am at Grouse Mountain Lodge in Whitefish. Five of the region’s prominent avalanche professionals will present practical safety information and research. Workshop attendees will learn about the current state of the snow safety industry, see demos of safety skills and meet people with a common goal – staying safe in avalanche-prone terrain. Organizers say this is the first time a workshop like this has been offered in the Flathead Valley.
“The number of winter backcountry enthusiasts in our area has increased dramatically in recent years, and skill levels have progressed exponentially with each new season,” says Ted Steiner, NRASW Chairman. “At the same time, our winter backcountry community has experienced an increase of avalanche-related incidents. This event is meant to help answer the ‘what can we do’ question when it comes to improving the margin of safety.”
The five speakers include:
· Don Sharaf is co-owner of the American Avalanche Institute and is the avalanche forecaster/lead guide for Valdez Heli-Ski Guides.
· Doug Richmond is the Ski Patrol Director at Bridger Bowl in Bozeman and has been patrolling throughout the west since 1973 with patrol experience in the Sierra and Colorado Rockies.
· Dr. Jordy Hendrikx is the Director of the Snow & Avalanche Laboratory and an Assistant Professor in the Department of Earth Sciences at Montana State University, in Bozeman.
· Lynne Wolfe is a certified AAA instructor at the American Avalanche Institute and editor of the Avalanche Review
· Mark Staples is an avalanche forecaster for the Gallatin N.F. Avalanche Center in Bozeman, focusing on avalanche awareness for motorized sports.
Session topics range from the technical (“Stability Tests and the Role of Spatial Variability” and “Highmarking, Boondocking and Hill Climbing”) to the personal. (“The Human Condition: How self-knowledge can help us make better decisions”) The full schedule for the day is available online.
Where: Grouse Mountain Lodge, Whitefish Montana When: Saturday, October 1, 2011, 7:30am to 6:30pm Cost: Pre-Register – $15, At the door- $20 Pre-register online, or mail a check to NRASW at PO Box 4203 Whitefish, MT. 59937. Registration fees are NON-REFUNDABLE.
Northern Rockies Avalanche Safety Workshop 2011 is a pre-season avalanche safety workshop dedicated to improving avalanche related decision making/skills for winter backcountry professionals and enthusiasts. Sponsored by American Avalanche Association, Flathead Nordic Ski Patrol, Backcountry Access.com, as well as a large number of local companies, national brands and others to whom we are grateful.
www.avalanchesafetyworkshop.com
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Contact: Hilary Hutcheson, PR Director
503-828-7074 hilary@outsidemedia.com
What do you think? Leave a comment.
Copyright 2011 Recreation Law (720) Edit Law, Recreation.Law@Gmail.com
Twitter: RecreationLaw
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OSHA issues $12,000 in fines for Ski Patrollers death to ski area.
Posted: May 25, 2011 Filed under: Avalanche, Ski Area Leave a commentWhile there they, they tack on another $5000 for a hand rail violation..
OSHA issued fines for $12,000 to Wolf Creek Ski Area over the death of one of their patrollers last fall. See Ski Patroller dies in Avalanche at Wolf Creek. If you have a major injury on the job or a death of an employee OSHA will show up and OSHA will fine you. Not help you, not understand what is going on if you are in the recreation business, just fine you.
In this case, they showed up to investigate the death of a ski patroller who died in an avalanche and issued another $5000 fine for a hand rail violation.
The first citation is for allowing an employee to do hazardous work, explosive work, alone. This is a serious violation and carries a $7000.00 fine.
The second citation is the railing citation which is a $5000 and another serious violation.
The third violation is also a serious violation which is allowing the explosives work to be done without a helmet. This also carries a $5000 fine.
I’m not sure what good a helmet is going to do in an Avalanche. I know it won’t do any good if there is an explosion. I’ve read almost 100 avalanche reports and investigations and never saw anything indicating a head injury was a major or contributing factor to the fatality or injury. Sure a helmet might protect you from minor injuries as you are tumbling, but it probably is not going to make a difference in whether you live or die.
If you wish to review the actual citation documents they can be found here.
My Response,
There are some rules that should not be broken no matter who you are or how much education or training you have. More importantly, no matter how short staffed or how much money you might be trying to save. Don’t do explosives work alone.
However, if you read the actual citation you will wonder how wearing helmets would have done anything. Here are the facts as OSHA found them in the OSHA citations. 
I have no idea what the exact cause of death is, however, OSHA would have put that in the report if it concerned a head injury.
At this point in time, between Jackson Hole’s fight (see 20 Year Veteran of Ski Patrol Dies performing avalanche control work) and this one. I would have to advise ski patrollers doing avalanche work to be issued helmets.
OSHA does not say what type of helmet so any ski helmet (Tupperware?) should work. It is stupid, but it will be cheaper until someone really wants to fight OSHA.
However, OSHA is correct, a helmet will stop head injuries, and injuries are as important to OSHA as stopping fatalities. Not a lot, not many, if any but a few.
What do you think? Leave a comment.
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Colorado Avalanche Season is not over
Posted: May 8, 2011 Filed under: Avalanche Leave a commentAvalanche Saturday May 7 in Officers Gulch closed bike path along I-70
In an article in the Denver Post, The Colorado Avalanche Information Center is predicting that we are going to see larger avalanches and avalanches in places where they are not normally found because of the snowpack this year.
See Colorado warns of larger-than-usual, more-damaging avalanches
What do you think? Leave a comment.
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Great European study on Avalanches and rescues.
Posted: February 3, 2011 Filed under: Avalanche 1 CommentI’m not sure the findings can be easily implemented in the US.
The study was done by ANENA (French Association for the Study of Snow and Avalanches). The statistics from the study of 368 avalanches over six years were very interesting.
Between 2004-2010 over 649 people were caught by avalanches while ski touring and off piste skiing in France in 368 incidents.
277 people were completely buried, and 167 died.
Half the victims were off piste skiers and snowboarders (access via ski lifts), that is 133 people over six years.
The remainder were ski tourers in back country areas.
Of the 133 victims buried in off-piste areas, 69 were found alive and more than half of them, 35 victims, were saved by the rescue services (51%).
The time for rescuers to arrive on the scene of an off-piste incident is less than 15 minutes in 60% of accidents, and less than 35 minutes in 94% of accidents.
83% of all avalanche victims survive a burial of less than 15 minutes and 54% survive between 15 and 35 minutes.
After 35 minutes, the chances of a victim’s survival decrease to 30%.
Half (45%) of buried victims was not using an avalanche beacon or RECCO,
35 of them (30%) were found with probes or dogs. Of this group just 7 (20%) survived.
Use of avalanche beacons enables rescue by people skiing with the victim or eyewitnesses (nine survivors out of 20 people rescued by their buddies) and also facilitates recovery by the rescue services (14 survivors out of 28 found).
Wearing Recco reflectors also increases the chances that the rescue services will find the victim alive (three survivors out of 6 found).
Cell phone coverage is attributed with many of the off-piste rescues because service is so good and allows rescuers to respond quickly.
See Backcountry and off piste rescue operations and methods.
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Well written article about the risks of Avalanches and survival with the latest gear.
Posted: January 13, 2011 Filed under: Avalanche, Risk Management Leave a commentIf you don’t know your gear, know when to deploy or use it and can do it no matter what, your chances are not awful in surviving an avalanche.
This article looks at the risks of avalanches and how professional in the ski industry look at them. The article is filled with great quotes that anyone thinking about skiing out of bounds should know.
Alain Duclos, avalanche expert with the Chambery court in the French Savoie comments “there is a belief that we can predict avalanches. It is not true! We can simply predict the conditions that favour their release. There is a big difference.”
American avalanche expert Bruce Tremper argues that “avalanche beacons have probably killed more people than they have saved.”
A non-ABS victim who manages to release his skis will find it easier to get out of the moving snow (skiers and boarders really need to use releasable bindings in avalanche terrain).
The analysis of using an airbag system, Avalung® and/or beacon is worth the read alone.
Are your chances greater with an ABS or airbag? Yes, but only if you know when and how to use them.
Read! Avalanche airbags, training and risk homeostasis.
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CAIC Companion Rescue Workshop by
Posted: December 24, 2010 Filed under: Avalanche, Ski Area Leave a commentColorado Avalanche Information Center and Arapahoe Basin are hosting a Companion Rescue Workshop.
Arapahoe Basin Ski Area
January 6, 2011 8:00am to 5:30pm
Cost: $100 + lift ticket (participants will be eligible for a group rate ticket)
Come with your touring partners and the gear you carry into the backcountry. We’ll spend the morning talking about rescue technology and techniques. The afternoon we’ll spend in the field putting what you learned into practice. Field sessions will include skill stations and mock rescue scenarios. This workshop is focused on small group companion rescue, but it suitable for experience and professional rescue workers. The event is sponsored by the Colorado Avalanche Information Center, RECCO, Arapahoe Basin, and the American Institute for Avalanche Research and Education.
Click here for the schedule.
Click here to register online or call 303-866-2611
What do you think? Leave a comment.
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Colorado Avalanche Information Center is emailing reports!
Posted: December 7, 2010 Filed under: Avalanche, Ski Area, Skiing / Snow Boarding Leave a commentAs CAIC says: If there is enough snow to ride, there is enough snow to slide.
If you are not a member of the CAIC and not receiving Avalanche reports from the CAIC you should never venture outside the boundaries of any ski area. (You should probably never venture outside the Front Range!)
Membership in the CAIC for a year is cheap! Figure out what your life is worth and send them a percentage of that value. While you are at the website, sign up for the CAIC newsletter.
Here is an example of the information the CAIC provides:
There are a few ingredients necessary for an avalanche. The first is a slope steep enough to slide. Most avalanches start on slopes steeper than 30 degrees, in the range of black diamond ski runs. Slopes that steep are often the first to fill in as snow drifts into gullies and below ridges. Permanent snowfields are usually sufficiently steep, too.
The next ingredient is a layer of strong over weak snow. This is relative strength, so the strong snow can appear quite soft. It just needs to bond together more than underlying snow. One of the best mechanisms for making strong snow is drifting from wind. The areas with snow deep enough to ride are most likely drifted and have the greatest potential for strong over weak layering.
Weak snow is easy to find in the early season. Thin, shallow snow facets rapidly. Faceted snow consists of big sugary grains that are poorly bonded. You can find the biggest, weakest facets are nearest the ground.
Permanent snowfields, at first glance, have weak over strong layering. They are not avalanche immune because a thin layer of very weak snow tends to form at the base of the recent snow. The old, strong snow is often icy and slick, a perfect surface for fast-running avalanches. The icy old snow makes it hard for a rider tumbling in an avalanche to self-arrest or slow down, and high-speed falls result.
The final ingredient is a trigger to break the weaker snow. A rider makes a very good trigger, overloading the weak snow and causing an avalanche. The stronger slab fractures and flows downhill around the rider. Early season avalanches tend to be small, but tumble a rider over rocks and stumps and cause lots of injuries.
We need to brush up on our avalanche skills as part of our pre-season training. Flip through your favorite avalanche books, or check out some of the online tutorials. Beacon practice is a great way to pass a gray afternoon. Your avalanche gear deserves the same attention you lavish on your skis, board, or sled.
Seriously, sign up, give them some money, take a course, and buy a beacon, shovel and probe and ski so you never have to use any of them!
What do you think? Leave a comment.
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Ski Patroller dies in Avalanche at Wolf Creek
Posted: November 23, 2010 Filed under: Avalanche, Ski Area Leave a commentWolf Creek Ski Area closed after ski patrol director killed in avalanche
Patroller killed in Wolf Creek slide
Wolf Creek Ski Area closed after death of employee
The patroller was the ski patrol director, 41 year old Scott Kay.
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Colorado Avalanche Information Center Benefit Bash in Breckenridge
Posted: November 13, 2010 Filed under: Avalanche Leave a commentThird Annual Benefit Bash on the Breckenridge River Walk.
The Friends of the CAIC is proud to host the Third Annual CAIC Benefit Bash, a benefit for the Colorado Avalanche Information Center (CAIC), on November 13th, 2010 at the Breckenridge Riverwalk Center. We invite you to help support the CAIC in their efforts. The evening will be filled with live music, an array of tasty food, incredible beer from New Belgium Brewery, and great people. We will be hosting another massive silent auction, while throwing door prizes to the crowd.
Half of the funding for the CAIC’s backcountry forecasting and education comes from grants and donations. The Friends of the CAIC are the single biggest supporter of the CAIC’s backcountry program. Please come to the Benefit Bash and support avalanche safety in Colorado.
The Friends of the Colorado Avalanche Information Center (CAIC) is a non‐profit 501(c)3 organization created to support the CAIC, while contributing to avalanche awareness and education throughout the State of Colorado. They achieve this mission through donations, grants, and fundraising events. If you think avalanche forecasting, education, and awareness is important in Colorado, then this party is for you. A $25 donation at the door includes one door prize ticket, two beer tickets, dinner, and entertainment from Zen Mustache.
For more information or to purchase tickets online go to www.friendsofcaic.org
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Colorado Mountain Meteorology Workshop 2010
Posted: October 22, 2010 Filed under: Avalanche Leave a commentWednesday through Friday, November 10-12, 2010 Colorado Mountain College – Leadville
The Colorado Avalanche Information Center (CAIC), the American Institute for Avalanche Research and Education (AIARE), and the Colorado Mountain College – Leadville are sponsoring a three day workshop on Mountain Meteorology. Morning sessions will provide a basic understanding of meteorological principles applied to weather in mountainous areas. Afternoon sessions will focus on using available weather information to create a local forecast. Participants will interact with experienced weather forecasters and work in small groups to generate and present their own forecasts. The workshop is designed for avalanche practitioners and avid recreationalists. Anyone interested in mountain weather phenomena is welcome and no previous meteorological education is required. Participants are encouraged to bring their own laptop computer with wireless capability for the small group exercises.
Dr. John Snook, Mountain Weather and Avalanche Forecaster, CAIC, Boulder is the lead instructor for the workshop.
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Mountain Weather Workshop, Nov 10-12
Posted: October 1, 2010 Filed under: Avalanche Leave a commentThe Colorado Avalanche Information Center (CAIC), the American Institute for Avalanche Research and Education (AIARE), and the Colorado Mountain College – Leadville are sponsoring a three day workshop on Mountain Meteorology. Morning sessions will provide a basic understanding of meteorological principles applied to weather in mountainous areas. Afternoon sessions will focus on using publically available weather information to create a local forecast. Participants will interact with experienced weather forecasters and work in small groups to generate and present their own forecasts. The workshop is designed for avalanche practitioners and avid recreationalists. Anyone interested in mountain weather phenomena is welcome and no previous meteorological education is required. Participants are encouraged to bring their own laptop computer with wireless capability for the small group exercises.
Dr. John Snook, Mountain Weather and Avalanche Forecaster, CAIC-Boulder is the lead instructor for the workshop. Other instructors including National Weather Service forecasters and a specific workshop outline will be posted in October.
You can register online here at the Colorado Avalanche Information Center website.
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Take cell phone with you in the back country during avalanche season the future may be used to find you.
Posted: July 8, 2010 Filed under: Avalanche, Search and Rescue (SAR) Leave a commentTechnology developed to spy on cell phone conversation may be used in Europe to locate avalanche victims.
The system developed by French company called international mobile subscriber identity searches for cell phone signals within its range. The technology was developed to be able to spy on cell phone conversations.
The technology uses a box about the size of a laptop with a directional antenna which enables a mobile phone to be localized. If the mobile phone is switched on the device can locate the mobile phone within a 2 km(1.2 mile) area. Testing is ongoing to make sure the device does not interfere with avalanche beacons or ReCCOS.
This would be a real boon in the search and rescue industry. It could also be a disaster. One of the gates keeping idiots out of the backcountry is the cost of an avalanche beacon. $200-$500 it is a significant investment for someone who loves to go backcountry skiing. Each weekend cell phones are advertised for free when you sign up for a long term cell phone plan.
The issue is, if you’re willing to spend $200-$500 for beacon, you will also spend the time to learn how to use it and learn about avalanches. If you can be rescued with the cell phone, you probably won’t learn much.
See Spook’s gadget could revolutionize mountain rescue
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Lou Dawson tackles the Press about avalanche coverage and does a good job!
Posted: April 1, 2010 Filed under: Avalanche Leave a comment
Lou Dawson in his blog Wildsnow.com took on poor at best and just plain stupid coverage of a narrow escape in an avalanche. His article Bad Newspaper Reporting About Colorado Avalanche correctly identified the victim’s survival as luck rather than the attributes written about by the papers. The poor article Knowledge was key for Lakewood avalanche survivor was published in most of the newspapers owned by the publisher and by several other papers and news outlets. (One of which I have all ready written about because of its backbone or lack thereof…..
Mountain Media Takes Nasty Spill after Confrontation with Vail Resorts.)
Lou takes on the bad reporting and the total lack of any avalanche consciousness on the part of the victim, he does it with great articulation and aplomb. Nothing I aspire to achieve or will ever attempt to imitate.
I want to say the newspaper and other sources are part of the problem that the rest of the world is complaining.
Poorly researched articles that work to sensationalize stupidity just lead to the proliferation of IITB (idiots in the backcountry). Stupid newspaper stories about situations like this, fuel the growth of IITB. Other IITB’s believe that they too can ride in the backcountry, climb a mountain (So body…..) or thinking that making IITB pay for their rescues will make a difference (.)
Instead, people who have no clue read the article about the activity and just ignore the cost of money, time and sometimes the lives of those searching for them. If idiots thought, they would not be IITBs.
It is bad if a paper in Iowa or Alabama wrote about a local out west who survived a slide. However, this is hometown stuff. The publisher owns papers in Vail, Aspen, Granby, Breckenridge, Snowmass, Eagle Valley, Rifle, Carbondale, Leadville, Grand Junction, and Glenwood Springs. The readers and advertisers are the ones paying for the rescues and putting their lives on the line to do so. Yet they promote IITB.
It is no different from showing arsonist a new way to start a fire.
Keywords: Lou Dawson, Wildsnow, Avalanche, Avalanches
Recreation Law 